Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that allows devices to connect to a local area network (LAN) and, optionally, the Internet without the need for physical cables. Wi-Fi uses radio waves to transmit data between devices.
Wi-Fi radio communication is similar to two-way radio communication. The devices in their respective radio bands use a single radio channel to transmit and receive information. Only one device can transmit at a time. The communication protocol requires both ends of the communication link to acknowledge receipt of the transmitted signal.
THE ROLE OF WI-FI BANDS
Wi-Fi bands refer to the frequency ranges within which wireless communication takes place. Different Wi-Fi standards operate in specific bands, such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz.
FREQUENCY AVAILABILITY
Wi-Fi bands provide different frequency options for wireless communication. This helps in reducing interference and signal congestion.
SIGNAL PROPAGATION
Each Wi-Fi band has its own unique characteristics regarding signal propagation, coverage ranges, and penetration through obstacles.
COMPARING WI-FI BANDS
2.4 GHz
This band has a longer wavelength, allowing signals to propagate better through obstacles but at a lower data rate. It also may be susceptible to inference from devices like microwaves and cordless phones.
5 GHz
This band offers higher data rates but has a shorter range and less penetration through obstacles. It experiences less interference from household devices and is generally preferred for faster wireless connections.
6 GHz
Due to its less crowded spectrum, the 6 GHz band provides even higher data rates and less congestion, offering improved performance for bandwidth-intensive applications.
BAND STEERING
Band steering is a technique employed in dual-band Wi-Fi networks to optimize device connectivity. It encourages devices to connect to the most suitable Wi-Fi band automatically. Band steering improves the subscriber Wi-Fi experience by encouraging faster speeds and reduced interference.